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	<title>路由与交换技术 &#8211; 学术创新中心</title>
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	<title>路由与交换技术 &#8211; 学术创新中心</title>
	<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic</link>
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	<item>
		<title>H30605-实验8-访问控制列表练习</title>
		<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/h30605-%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c8-%e8%ae%bf%e9%97%ae%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a0/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[李星海]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 10 Jun 2023 00:41:55 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[路由与交换技术]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://aic.leexinghai.com/?p=2739</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[一、实验目的 ACL使用包过滤技术，在路由器上读取第三层及第四层包头中的信息如源地址、目的地址、源端口、目的端 [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><strong>一、实验目的</strong></p>



<p>ACL使用包过滤技术，在路由器上读取第三层及第四层包头中的信息如源地址、目的地址、源端口、目的端口等，根据预先定义好的规则对包进行过滤，从而达到访问控制的目的。<br><br><strong></strong></p>



<p><strong>二、实验仪器设备或材料</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>华为eNSP模拟器</p>



<p><strong>三、实验原理</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>ACL可以允许或拒绝相应的访问规则。</p>



<p><strong>四、实验内容与步骤</strong></p>



<p><strong>ACL</strong><strong>的分类</strong></p>



<p>基本ACL（2000~2999）：只能匹配源IP地址<br>高级ACL（3000~3999）：可以匹配源IP、目标IP、源端口、目标端口等三层和四层的字段<br>二层ACL（4000~4999）：根据数据包的源MAC地址、目标MAC地址、802.1p优先级、二层协议类型等二层信息指定规则（一般用不到，了解仅可）</p>



<p>应用原则：</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>基本ACL尽量用在靠近目的点</li>



<li>高级ACL尽量用在靠近源的地方（可以保护带宽和其他资源）</li>
</ul>



<p><strong>五、实验结果与分析</strong></p>



<p>1.本实验的拓扑图结构如图1所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="832" height="521" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-3.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2740" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-3.png 832w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-3-300x188.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-3-768x481.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图1</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>2.进入AR1的端口，合理设置IP地址，命令如图2所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="865" height="174" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-4.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2741" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-4.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-4-300x60.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-4-768x154.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图2</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>3.设置基本acl，允许192.168.1.1的计算机访问，命令如图3所示</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="865" height="48" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-5.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2742" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-5.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-5-300x17.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-5-768x43.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图3</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>4.进入g0/0/2口，应用基本acl规则，并设置高级acl，拒绝192.168.1.0网段的设备访问192.168.3.1的服务器，命令如图4所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="144" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-6.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2743" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-6.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-6-300x50.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-6-768x128.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图4</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>5.进入g0/0/2口，应用高级acl规则，并设置编号为3001的高级acl，允许客户端访问服务器的web服务，并进入g0/0/0口应用此条acl，结果如图5所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="231" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-7.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2744" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-7.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-7-300x80.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-7-768x205.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图5</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>6.进行验证：在Client1上访问192.168.3.1的web服务，可以成功访问，如图6所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="599" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-8.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2745" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-8.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-8-300x208.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-8-768x532.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图6</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>7.在PC1上尝试访问服务器，发现无法访问，结果如图7所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="838" height="356" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-9.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2746" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-9.png 838w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-9-300x127.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/image-9-768x326.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图7</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading">六、附件下载</h2>



<div class="wp-block-file"><a id="wp-block-file--media-27547c3c-93c8-4a6e-9911-4708eefb19e9" href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/acl实验8.7z">acl实验8</a><a href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/acl实验8.7z" class="wp-block-file__button wp-element-button" download aria-describedby="wp-block-file--media-27547c3c-93c8-4a6e-9911-4708eefb19e9">下载</a></div>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>H30529-实验7.1-DHCP中继</title>
		<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/h30529-%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c7-1-dhcp%e4%b8%ad%e7%bb%a7/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[李星海]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 29 May 2023 00:41:21 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[路由与交换技术]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://aic.leexinghai.com/?p=2680</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[一、实验目的 1.理解DHCP中继的应用场景 2.掌握DHCP中继的配置 二、实验仪器设备或材料 ENSP模拟 [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><strong>一、实验目的</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>1.理解DHCP中继的应用场景</p>



<p>2.掌握DHCP中继的配置</p>



<p><strong>二、实验仪器设备或材料</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>ENSP模拟器，华为路由器3台，交换机1台，PC机2台</p>



<p><strong>三、实验原理</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>由于在IP 地址动态获取的过程中，客户端采用广播方式发送请求报文，而广播报文不能跨网段传送,因此DHCP只适用于DHCP客户端和服务器处于同一个网段内的情况当多个网段都需要进行动态 IP 地址分配时，就需要在所有网段上都设置一个 DHCP服务器，这显然是不易管理和维护的。</p>



<p>DHCP中继可以使客户端通过它与其他网段的DHCP服务器通信,最终获取IP地址解决了 DHCP 客户端不能跨网段向服务器动态获取 IP 地址的问题。这样，在多个不同网络上的DHCP客户端可以使用同一个DHCP 服务器既节省了成本，又便于进行集中管理和维护。路由器或三层交换机都可以充当DHCP中继设备。</p>



<p><strong>四、实验内容与步骤</strong></p>



<p>0.本实验拓扑图结构如图0所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="724" height="240" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-279.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2689" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-279.png 724w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-279-300x99.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图0</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>1.在AR1上配置接口地址；OSPF路由协议；启用DHCP并设置为中继模式，配置命令如图1所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="459" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-271.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2681" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-271.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-271-300x159.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-271-768x408.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图1</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>2.在AR2配置地址信息和开启OSPF，结果如图2-图3所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="153" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-272.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2682" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-272.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-272-300x53.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-272-768x136.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图2</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="147" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-273.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2683" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-273.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-273-300x51.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-273-768x131.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图3</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>3. 在AR3配置地址信息和开启OSPF，并配置DHCP地址池信息，结果如图4-图6所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="352" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-274.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2684" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-274.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-274-300x122.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-274-768x313.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图4</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="105" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-275.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2685" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-275.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-275-300x36.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-275-768x93.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图5</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="455" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-276.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2686" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-276.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-276-300x158.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-276-768x404.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图6</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p><strong>五、实验结果与分析</strong></p>



<p>1.在PC1使用ipconfig命令查看配置信息，结果如图7所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="274" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-277.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2687" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-277.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-277-300x95.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-277-768x243.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图7</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>2.在PC2使用ipconfig命令查看配置信息，结果如图8所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="379" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-278.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2688" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-278.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-278-300x131.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-278-768x336.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图8</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading">六、附件下载</h2>



<div class="wp-block-file"><a id="wp-block-file--media-f28aaed2-0870-461f-ac63-91a983851d31" href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/DHCP中继.7z">DHCP中继</a><a href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/DHCP中继.7z" class="wp-block-file__button wp-element-button" download aria-describedby="wp-block-file--media-f28aaed2-0870-461f-ac63-91a983851d31">下载</a></div>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>H30529-实验7-全局地址池DHCP</title>
		<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/h30529-%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c7-%e5%85%a8%e5%b1%80%e5%9c%b0%e5%9d%80%e6%b1%a0dhcp/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[李星海]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 29 May 2023 00:37:48 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[路由与交换技术]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://aic.leexinghai.com/?p=2672</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[一、实验目的 1.掌握DHCPServer 配置方法 2.掌握基于全局地址池的DHCPServer 配置方法  [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><strong>一、实验目的</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>1.掌握DHCPServer 配置方法</p>



<p>2.掌握基于全局地址池的DHCPServer 配置方法</p>



<p>3.掌握配置DHCP租期/网关地址/不参与自动分配地址方法</p>



<p>4.掌握配置和检测DHCP客户端的方法</p>



<p><strong>二、实验仪器设备或材料</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>ENSP模拟器，路由器1台，交换机2台，PC2台</p>



<p><strong>三、实验原理</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>基于接口地址池的DHCP 服务器，连接这个接口网段的用户都从该接口地址池中获取IP 地址等配置信息，由于地址池绑定在特定的接口上，可以限制用户的使用条件，因此在保障了安全性的同时也存在一定局限性。当用户从不同接口接入 DHCP 服务器且需要从同一个地址池里获取IP 地址时，就需要配置基于全局地址池的DHCP。</p>



<p>配置基于全局地址池的DHCP 服务器，从所有接口上连接的用户都可以选择该地址池中的地址，也就是说全局地址池是一个公共地址池。在 DHCP 服务器上创建地址池并配置相关属性(包括地址范围、地址租期、不参与自动分配的 IP 地址等)，再配置接口工作在全局地址池模式。路由器支持工作在全局地址池模式的接口有三层接口及其子接口、三层 Etheret 接口及其子接口、三层 Eth-Trunk 接口及其子接口和VLANIF 接口。</p>



<p><strong>四、实验内容与步骤</strong></p>



<p>1.本实验的拓扑图如图1所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="592" height="520" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-266.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2673" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-266.png 592w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-266-300x264.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 592px) 100vw, 592px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图1</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>2.在AR1上进入相应的端口，配置IP地址信息，配置命令如图2所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="247" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-267.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2674" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-267.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-267-300x86.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-267-768x219.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图2</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>3.启用DHCP功能，设置两个地址池，分别对应192.168.1.0网段和192.168.2.0网段，设置地址信息，租约时间，网关信息，DNS地址以及保留地址，命令如图3所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="478" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-268.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2675" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-268.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-268-300x166.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-268-768x424.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图3</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>4.使用dis ip pool查看DHCP地址池信息，结果如图4所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="508" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-269.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2676" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-269.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-269-300x176.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-269-768x451.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图4</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p><strong>五、实验结果与分析</strong></p>



<p>1.在PC1、PC2设置获取IP地址的方式为DHCP，然后分别使用IPCONFIG命令查看地址信息，在PC1使用ping命令对PC2进行连通性测试，结果如图5所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="787" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-270.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2677" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-270.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-270-300x273.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-270-768x699.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图5</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading">六、附件下载</h2>



<div class="wp-block-file"><a id="wp-block-file--media-ff22f8e1-3d31-4bd7-b6db-992cb6ddf914" href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/全局地址池DHCP.7z">拓扑图：全局地址池DHCP</a><a href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/全局地址池DHCP.7z" class="wp-block-file__button wp-element-button" download aria-describedby="wp-block-file--media-ff22f8e1-3d31-4bd7-b6db-992cb6ddf914">下载</a></div>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
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		<item>
		<title>H30509-实验6.1-连接RIP与OSPF网络</title>
		<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/h30509-%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c6-1-%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5rip%e4%b8%8eospf%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[李星海]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 14 May 2023 09:29:57 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[路由与交换技术]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://aic.leexinghai.com/?p=2417</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[一、实验目的 &#160;理解路由引入的应用场景 掌握RP中引入其他协议的配置 掌握OSPF中引入其他协议的配 [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><strong>一、实验目的</strong></p>



<p>&nbsp;理解路由引入的应用场景</p>



<p>掌握RP中引入其他协议的配置</p>



<p>掌握OSPF中引入其他协议的配置</p>



<p>掌握路由引入时修改开销值的方法</p>



<p><strong>二、实验仪器设备或材料</strong></p>



<p>华为模拟器eNSP</p>



<p><strong>三、实验原理</strong></p>



<p>不同的网络会根据自身的实际情况来选用路由协议。比如有些网络规模很小，为了管理简单，部署了 RIP;而有些网络很复杂，可以部署 OSPF。不同路由协议之间不能直接共享各自的路由信息，需要依靠配置路由的引入来实现。</p>



<p>获得路由信息一般有 3 种途径:直连网段、静态配置和路由协议。可以将通过这3种途径获得的路由信息引入到路由协议中，例如，把直连网段引入到 OSPF 中，叫做“引入直连”;把静态路由引入OSPF，叫做“引入静态路由”把RIP引入OSPF 叫做“引入RIP”。当把这些路由信息引入到路由协议进程以后，这些路由信息就可以在路由协议进程中进行通告了，也就是说通过配置引入，一种路由协议可以自动获得所有来自另一种协议的所有路由信息。</p>



<p>不同的路由协议计算路由开销的依据是不同的，开销值的大小和范围都是不同的。OSPF 的开销值基于带宽，而且值的范围很大，RIP 的开销基于跳数，范围很小，所以当配置OSPF 和 RIP 相互引入时一定要小心(在华为 VRP 平台上，当引入OSPF 路由至RIP 时，如不指定 Cost 值，开销值将默认设为 1。尽管如此，网络管理员还是应该手工配置开销值以反映网络的真实情况)。</p>



<p><strong>四、实验内容与步骤</strong></p>



<p>本实验模拟真实网络场景。路由器R1分别连接两家公司网络，R1左侧公网络运行RP协议，公司B内部网络运行OSP℉协议。由于业务发展需要，两要能够互相通信。但由于两家公司使用不同的路由协议，现需要在路由器R1向路由引入。</p>



<p><strong>五、实验结果与分析</strong></p>



<p>1.本次实验的拓扑图如图1所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="372" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-93.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2418" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-93.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-93-300x129.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-93-768x330.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图1</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>2.在路由器AR1上配置端口地址，配置RIP路由和OSPF路由，并通过import-route命令分别引入OSPF和RIP路由信息，参考命令如图2所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="638" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-94.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2419" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-94.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-94-300x221.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-94-768x566.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图2</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>3.在路由器AR2上配置端口地址，配置RIP路由，参考命令如图3所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="431" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-95.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2420" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-95.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-95-300x149.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-95-768x383.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图3</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>4. 在路由器AR3上配置端口地址，配置OSPF路由，参考命令如图4所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="438" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-96.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2421" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-96.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-96-300x152.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-96-768x389.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图4</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>5.查看AR1的路由表，结果如图5所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="709" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-97.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2422" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-97.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-97-300x246.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-97-768x629.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图5</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>6.查看AR2的路由表，结果如图6所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="709" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-98.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2423" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-98.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-98-300x246.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-98-768x629.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图6</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>7.查看AR3的路由表，结果如图7所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="709" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-99.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2424" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-99.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-99-300x246.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-99-768x629.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图7</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p><strong>8.使用PING命令从PC2对PC1进行连通性测试，发现可以正常连通，结果如图8所示。</strong></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="940" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-100.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2425" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-100.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-100-276x300.png 276w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/image-100-768x835.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图8</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading">附件下载</h2>



<div class="wp-block-file"><a id="wp-block-file--media-c8ae948c-46eb-4b9e-893c-79620499d1b7" href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/连接RIP与OSPF网络.7z">连接RIP与OSPF网络</a><a href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/连接RIP与OSPF网络.7z" class="wp-block-file__button wp-element-button" download aria-describedby="wp-block-file--media-c8ae948c-46eb-4b9e-893c-79620499d1b7">下载</a></div>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
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		<title>H30425-随堂练习-RIP不连续子网</title>
		<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/h30425-%e9%9a%8f%e5%a0%82%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a0-rip%e4%b8%8d%e8%bf%9e%e7%bb%ad%e5%ad%90%e7%bd%91/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[李星海]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 28 Apr 2023 02:37:49 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[路由与交换技术]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://aic.leexinghai.com/?p=2236</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[一、实验目的 理解连续子网和不连续子网的概念 掌握RIPv1中解决不连续子网问题的方法 掌握RIPv2中解决不 [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>一、<strong>实验目的</strong></p>



<p>理解连续子网和不连续子网的概念</p>



<p>掌握RIPv1中解决不连续子网问题的方法</p>



<p>掌握RIPv2中解决不连续子网问题的方法</p>



<p>理解RIPv1与RIPv2的区别</p>



<p><strong>二、实验仪器设备或材料</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>ENSP软件、PC机若干，五台华为路由器</p>



<p><strong>三、实验原理</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>RIP 会在主网边界自动汇总，当汇总发生时，汇总的子网路由在边界处被抑制掉，而仅通告主网路由。如果一台路由器上有两个接口，网段分别为 10.1.1.0/24 和172.16.1.0/24，那么在这两个网段的主网边界路由器就会自动将这两个网段汇总成10.0.0.0和172.16.0.0，并通告给其他路由器。如果主网的子网不连续，被其他主网所分隔，主网边界的自动汇总就会存在问题。</p>



<p>连续子网是指所相连的子网属于同一主网:不连续子网是指相同主网下的子网被另一主网分隔。</p>



<p><strong>四、实验内容与步骤</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>1.本次实验拓扑如图1所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="704" height="377" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-169.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2242" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-169.png 704w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-169-300x161.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图1</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>2.配置AR1，设置端口地址，具体命令如图2所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-170.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2243" width="653" height="255" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-170.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-170-300x118.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-170-768x301.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 653px) 100vw, 653px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图2</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>3. 配置AR2，设置端口地址，具体命令如图3所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="334" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-171.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2244" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-171.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-171-300x116.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-171-768x297.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图3</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>4. 配置AR3，设置端口地址，具体命令如图4所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="351" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-172.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2245" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-172.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-172-300x122.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-172-768x312.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图4</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>5. 配置AR4，设置端口地址，具体命令如图5所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="335" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-173.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2246" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-173.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-173-300x116.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-173-768x297.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图5</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>5. 配置AR5，设置端口地址，具体命令如图6所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="415" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-174.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2247" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-174.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-174-300x144.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-174-768x368.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图6</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>6.以AR1为例，设置V2版本不连续子网的动态路由：首先启用RIP，然后选择版本2，关闭自动汇总功能，然后设置与该路由器直连的路由网段，其命令如图7所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="805" height="104" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-175.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2248" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-175.png 805w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-175-300x39.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-175-768x99.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 805px) 100vw, 805px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图7</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>7.同理，在AR2-AR5也进行配置，命令参考图7:其中，AR2-AR5的配置命令都可以用图7红色部分相同；</p>



<p>AR2在图7绿色部分的内容应更改为：</p>



<p><code>network 10.0.0.0</code></p>



<p><code>network 192.168.23.0</code></p>



<p>AR3在图7绿色部分的内容应更改为：</p>



<p><code>network 192.168.23.0</code></p>



<p><code>network 192.168.34.0</code></p>



<p>AR4在图7绿色部分的内容应更改为：</p>



<p><code>network 10.0.0.0</code></p>



<p><code>network 192.168.34.0</code></p>



<p>AR5可以与AR1命令完全相同：</p>



<p><strong>五、实验结果与分析</strong></p>



<p>1.完成配置后，以AR1为例，观察路由表，结果如图8所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="333" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-176.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2249" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-176.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-176-300x115.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-176-768x296.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图8</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>2.完成配置后，在AR1使用ping命令对AR5进行连通性测试，结果如图9所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="851" height="351" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-177.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2250" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-177.png 851w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-177-300x124.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-177-768x317.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 851px) 100vw, 851px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图9</figcaption></figure>
</div>]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
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		<item>
		<title>H30425-实验6-RIP认证实验</title>
		<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/h30425-%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c6-rip%e8%ae%a4%e8%af%81%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[李星海]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 25 Apr 2023 06:14:58 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[路由与交换技术]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://aic.leexinghai.com/?p=2215</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[一、实验目的 1.RIP的应用场景 2.RIP的基础原理 3.RIP的基础配置 4.RIP的版本问题 二、实验 [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><strong>一、实验目的</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>1.RIP的应用场景</p>



<p>2.RIP的基础原理</p>



<p>3.RIP的基础配置</p>



<p>4.RIP的版本问题</p>



<p><strong>二、实验仪器设备或材料</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>华为eNSP模拟器</p>



<p><strong>三、实验原理</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>RIP 支持抑制接口的配置，即配置后禁止接口发送更新报文，但此接口所在网段的路由可以发布出去。可通过两种方法来实现，执行 silent-interface 命令或在接口下配置undo rip output 使其只接收报文，但不能发送RIP 报文。silent-interface的优先级大于在接口下配置的undoripoutput，默认情况下为不抑制状态。还可以在接口下配置undorip input命令，禁止接口接收 RIP 更新报文，这也是预防路由环路的一种方式。</p>



<p>单播更新是指 RIP 使用单播发送RIP 报文。在默认情况下，RIP 每隔30s 以广播或组播方式交换整个路由表的信息，这将耗费大量网络带宽，特别是在广域网中，可能出现严重性能问题。为了解决因 RIP 的广播报文而产生的网络性能问题，可以使用单播更新的方式来交换路由信息。当使用 silent-interface 命令配置抑制接口后，再指定单播更新的目的地址后，单播更新有效;如果在接口下使用 undo rip output 命令来配置抑制按口，即使再指定单播更新的目的地址也是无法发送更新的路由条目的。</p>



<p>RIPv1和RIPv2对于抑制接口和单播更新的特性支持情况相同。</p>



<p><strong>四、实验内容与步骤</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>1.本次拓扑图如图1所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="604" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-167.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2226" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-167.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-167-300x209.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-167-768x536.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图1</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>2.在ar1配置配置接口IP地址，配置命令如图2所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-166.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2225" width="840" height="398" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-166.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-166-300x142.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-166-768x364.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图2</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>3.在AR2上配置接口IP地址，配置命令如图3所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="343" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-165.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2224" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-165.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-165-300x119.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-165-768x305.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图3</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>4.在ar1启用并设置rip配置，结果如图4所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="604" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-164.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2223" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-164.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-164-300x209.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-164-768x536.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图4</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>5.在ar2启用并设置rip配置，结果如图5所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="602" height="133" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-163.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2222" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-163.png 602w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-163-300x66.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图5</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>6. 在ar1启用并设置rip简单认证配置，结果如图6所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="730" height="166" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-162.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2221" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-162.png 730w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-162-300x68.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图6</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>7. 在ar2启用并设置rip简单认证配置，结果如图7所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="766" height="162" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-161.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2220" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-161.png 766w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-161-300x63.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 766px) 100vw, 766px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图7</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>8.模拟欺骗网段：在ar3上配置环回地址，配置命令如图8所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="408" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-160.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2219" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-160.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-160-300x142.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-160-768x362.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图8</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p><strong>五、实验结果与分析</strong></p>



<p>1.查看ar1与ar2 路由表，结果如图9-图10所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="600" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-159.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2218" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-159.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-159-300x208.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-159-768x533.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图9</figcaption></figure>
</div>

<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="709" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-158.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2217" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-158.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-158-300x246.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-158-768x629.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图10</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p>2.通过抓包软件对AR3路由器的接口抓包，此时可以看见AR1和AR2通信的时候向AR3发送了无用的RIP更新报文，如图11所示。</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="782" height="366" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-157.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2216" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-157.png 782w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-157-300x140.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-157-768x359.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 782px) 100vw, 782px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图11</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading">附件下载</h2>



<div class="wp-block-file"><a id="wp-block-file--media-9c12441f-2bda-49ca-9a41-844cc79b0d4f" href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/实验6.7z">实验6拓扑图</a><a href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/实验6.7z" class="wp-block-file__button wp-element-button" download aria-describedby="wp-block-file--media-9c12441f-2bda-49ca-9a41-844cc79b0d4f">下载</a></div>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
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		<title>H30411-实验5-VRRP配置作业(单与双备份组)</title>
		<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/h30411-%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c5-vrrp%e5%8d%95%e5%8c%ba%e5%9f%9f%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%9a/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[李星海]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Apr 2023 00:36:13 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[路由与交换技术]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://aic.leexinghai.com/?p=2077</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[本文在4月17日更新了双备份组配置教程和附件，敬请留意。 一、实验目的 理解VRRP多备份组的应用场景 掌握V [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-pale-pink-color">本文在4月17日更新了双备份组配置教程和附件，敬请留意。</mark></h4>



<p><strong>一、实验目的</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>理解VRRP多备份组的应用场景</p>



<p>掌握VRRP多备份组的配置方法</p>



<p>理解VRRP的运行优先级和配置优先级</p>



<p>理解VRRP虚拟地址拥有者的应用</p>



<p><strong>二、实验仪器设备或材料</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>ENSP软件、PC机若干，三台华为交换机</p>



<p><strong>三、实验原理</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>当VRRP配置为单备份组时，业务全部由 Master 设备承担，而 Backup 设备完全处于空闲状态，没有得到充分利用。VRRP 可以通过配置多备份组来实现负载分担，有效地解决了这一问题。</p>



<p>VRRP 允许同一台设备的同一个接口加入多个 VRRP 备份组，在不同备份组中有不同的优先级，使得各备份组中的 Master 设备不同，也就是建立多个虚拟网关路由器。各主机可以使用不同的虚拟组路由器作为网关出口，这样可以达到分担数据流而又相互备份的目的，充分利用了每一台设备的资源。</p>



<p>VRRP的优先级取值范围中，255是保留给IP 地址拥有者使用的，当一个VRRP路由器的物理端口IP 地址和虚拟路由器的虚拟IP 地址相同，这台路由器称为虚拟IP 地拥有者，VRRP优先级自动设置为255:优先级0也是特殊值当Master 设备删除 VRRP配置停止运行 VRRP时，会发送优先级为0的VRRP 报文通知 Backup 设备，当Backup收到该消息后，立刻从 Backup 状态转为 Master 状态。</p>



<p><strong>四、实验内容与步骤</strong></p>



<p>本实验模拟企业网络场景。该公司使用两台路由器 R2和 R3 作为出口网关连接到外网R1，R2和R3运行VRRP 协议，两台路由器在同一个虚拟组。当R2为主路由器时所有业务流量都由 R2 承担，高峰期时会造成网络阻塞，而 R3一直处于空闲状态，这样就造成了一台路由器资源的浪费。现在为了优化公司网络，增加设备利用率，需要在 R2和R3之间部署双备份组 VRRP，使得 R2、R3分别为两个备份组的 Master，保证设备的利用率。</p>



<p>1.本次实验拓扑如图1所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="456" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-67.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2078" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-67.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-67-300x158.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-67-768x405.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图1</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>2.配置各路由器的接口地址，分别根据拓扑图设置IP地址AR1-AR3的接口地址配置命令如图2-图4所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="709" height="103" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-68.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2079" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-68.png 709w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-68-300x44.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图2</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="691" height="119" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-69.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2080" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-69.png 691w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-69-300x52.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 691px) 100vw, 691px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图3</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="713" height="242" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-70.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2081" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-70.png 713w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-70-300x102.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 713px) 100vw, 713px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图4</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>3.在AR1-AR3上分别配置OSPF协议，网络地址根据拓扑图实际而定，配置命令如图5-图7所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="307" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-71.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2082" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-71.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-71-300x106.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-71-768x273.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图5</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="420" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-72.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2083" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-72.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-72-300x146.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-72-768x373.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图6</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="367" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-73.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2084" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-73.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-73-300x127.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-73-768x326.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图7</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>4.在AR2路由器设置VRRP协议信息和优先级，命令如图8所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="170" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-74.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2085" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-74.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-74-300x59.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-74-768x151.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图8</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>5.在AR3路由器设置VRRP协议信息，优先级保持默认，命令如图9所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="761" height="53" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-75.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2086" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-75.png 761w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-75-300x21.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 761px) 100vw, 761px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图9</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>6.测试配置情况：直接在PC1使用tracert命令对AR1路由器的链路进行追踪，显示走的是正确的AR2路径（优先级更高）。如图10所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="382" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-76.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2087" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-76.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-76-300x132.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-76-768x339.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图10</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>7.模拟AR2路由器烂掉的情况，关闭AR2路由器，再次使用相同命令进行测试，发现已经成功切换到了AR3路由器的链路。如图11所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="417" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-77.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2088" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-77.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-77-300x145.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-77-768x370.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图11</figcaption></figure>



<p>8.尝试进行双备份组的配置创建练习：在AR2上创建虚拟组ID为2的组，命令如图12所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="288" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-102.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2132" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-102.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-102-300x100.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-102-768x256.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图12</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>9.在AR3上也创建虚拟组ID为2的组，命令如图13所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="419" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-101.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2131" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-101.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-101-300x145.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-101-768x372.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图13</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>10.在AR2的虚拟组2设置其为非抢占方式，并提高其优先级，观察配置信息，发现其即使调高了优先级，成员身份也还是Backup状态。如图14所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="266" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-100.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2130" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-100.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-100-300x92.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-100-768x236.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图14</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>11.在AR2修改与交换机所连接的端口地址，命令如图15所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="108" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-99.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2129" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-99.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-99-300x37.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-99-768x96.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图15</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>12.在AR3上提高虚拟组1的优先级到254，然后查看配置情况，发现即使提高了优先级，也无法抢占成为Master，如图16所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="337" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-98.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2128" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-98.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-98-300x117.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-98-768x299.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图16</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>验证阶段：</p>



<p>13.使用tracert命令在PC1上进行对外网的连通性测试，发现通过AR2路由器的链路访问外网，如图17所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="683" height="390" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-97.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2127" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-97.png 683w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-97-300x171.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图17</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>14.将PC2的网关地址改为172.16.1.253，使用tracert命令对外网的连通性测试，发现其通过AR3路由器的链路访问外网，如图18所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="833" height="388" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-96.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2126" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-96.png 833w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-96-300x140.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-96-768x358.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 833px) 100vw, 833px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图18</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">附件下载</h2>



<div class="wp-block-file"><a id="wp-block-file--media-3c6f0030-4c34-41cb-bb24-d30cf05f1f4d" href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/实验5拓扑.7z">实验5拓扑（4月17日更新）</a><a href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/实验5拓扑.7z" class="wp-block-file__button wp-element-button" download aria-describedby="wp-block-file--media-3c6f0030-4c34-41cb-bb24-d30cf05f1f4d">下载</a></div>



<p></p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>H30404-随堂练习-GVRP技术</title>
		<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/h30404-%e9%9a%8f%e5%a0%82%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a0-gvrp%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[李星海]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 04 Apr 2023 07:20:12 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[路由与交换技术]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://aic.leexinghai.com/?p=2009</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[练习内容 使用GVRP技术使跨交换机的同VLAN下PC设备可以互相访问。 参考步骤 1.拓扑图如图1所示 2. [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>练习内容</p>



<p>使用GVRP技术使跨交换机的同VLAN下PC设备可以互相访问。</p>



<p>参考步骤</p>



<p>1.拓扑图如图1所示</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="611" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-21-1024x611.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2010" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-21-1024x611.png 1024w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-21-300x179.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-21-768x459.png 768w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-21.png 1407w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图1</figcaption></figure>



<p>2.在四台交换机上的G口设置Trunk模式，命令如图2所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="803" height="1024" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-22-803x1024.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2011" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-22-803x1024.png 803w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-22-235x300.png 235w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-22-768x979.png 768w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-22.png 1005w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 803px) 100vw, 803px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图2</figcaption></figure>



<p>3.在LSW1,LSW4配置VLAN，并将计算机端口正确分配到相应VLAN，命令如图3所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="777" height="484" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-23.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2012" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-23.png 777w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-23-300x187.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-23-768x478.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 777px) 100vw, 777px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图3</figcaption></figure>



<p>4.在4台交换机上开启GVRP并设置Trunk端口下的GVRP协议，命令如图4所示（LSW4对应图中S1，LSW3对应图中S2）。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="557" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-24-1024x557.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2013" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-24-1024x557.png 1024w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-24-300x163.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-24-768x418.png 768w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-24.png 1040w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图4</figcaption></figure>



<p>5.使用ping命令对PC1和PC3进行连通性测试，结果如图5所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="512" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-25-1024x512.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2014" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-25-1024x512.png 1024w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-25-300x150.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-25-768x384.png 768w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-25-1536x768.png 1536w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-25.png 1764w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图5</figcaption></figure>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>H30403D-实验4-生成树实验作业1</title>
		<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/h30403d-%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90%e6%a0%91%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a01/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[李星海]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Apr 2023 06:41:05 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[路由与交换技术]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://aic.leexinghai.com/?p=1999</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[一、实验目的 通过ENSP模拟掌握路由生成树的原理及配置方法 二、实验仪器设备或材料 ENSP软件、PC机若干 [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><strong>一、实验目的</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>通过ENSP模拟掌握路由生成树的原理及配置方法</p>



<p><strong>二、实验仪器设备或材料</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>ENSP软件、PC机若干，三台华为交换机</p>



<p><strong>三、实验原理</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>根据生成树的选路规则，可以通过生成树协议选择最适合的链路使设备间进行相互通信。</p>



<p><strong>四、实验内容与步骤</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>1.本次实验拓扑如图1所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="479" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-14.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2000" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-14.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-14-300x166.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-14-768x425.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图1</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>2.配置LSW1，分别设置vlan，vlan端口模式，trunk模式分配，具体命令如图2所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="851" height="528" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-15.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2001" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-15.png 851w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-15-300x186.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-15-768x477.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 851px) 100vw, 851px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图2</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>3.配置LSW2，分别设置vlan，vlan端口模式，trunk模式分配，具体命令如图3所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="806" height="548" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-16.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2002" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-16.png 806w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-16-300x204.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-16-768x522.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图3</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>4.配置LSW2，分别设置vlan，vlan端口模式，trunk模式分配，具体命令如图4所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="709" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-17.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2003" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-17.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-17-300x246.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-17-768x629.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图4</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>5.启用STP和MSTP模式，在三台交换机上分别进行相同配置，配置代码如下代码文本及图5所示。</p>



<p><code>stp enable</code></p>



<p><code>stp mode mstp</code></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="213" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-18.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2004" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-18.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-18-300x74.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-18-768x189.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图5</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p><strong>五、实验结果与分析</strong></p>



<p>1.完成配置后，在PC2使用ping命令对PC1进行连通性测试，抓包分析结果如图6所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="387" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-19.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2005" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-19.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-19-300x134.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-19-768x344.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图6</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>2.完成配置后，在PC4使用ping命令对PC3进行连通性测试，抓包分析结果如图7所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="479" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-20.png" alt="" class="wp-image-2006" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-20.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-20-300x166.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/image-20-768x425.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图7</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p><strong>六、结论与体会</strong><strong></strong></p>



<p>&nbsp; 通过实验可知，根据合理配置生成树的选路规则，生成树的协议选择了最适合的链路使设备间进行相互通信。</p>
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		<title>H30320D-实验3-利用三层交换机实现VLAN间通信</title>
		<link>https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/h30320d-%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%89%e5%b1%82%e4%ba%a4%e6%8d%a2%e6%9c%ba%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0vlan%e9%97%b4%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[李星海]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Mar 2023 09:00:46 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[路由与交换技术]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://aic.leexinghai.com/?p=1948</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[作业内容 通过合理设置拓扑图中的设备，完成利用三层交换机实现VLAN间通信 参考步骤 1.在LSW1交换机下创 [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">作业内容</h2>



<p>通过合理设置拓扑图中的设备，完成利用三层交换机实现VLAN间通信</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="749" height="416" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-29.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1952" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-29.png 749w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-29-300x167.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 749px) 100vw, 749px" /></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">参考步骤</h2>



<p>1.在LSW1交换机下创建VLAN10 20，进入相应端口划分相应VLAN，如图1所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-26.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1949" width="842" height="434" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-26.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-26-300x155.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-26-768x396.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 842px) 100vw, 842px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图1-在LSW1创建并分配VLAN</figcaption></figure>



<p>2.分别进入VLAN10和20的视图，配置VLANIF端口，命令如图2所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="186" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-27.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1950" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-27.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-27-300x65.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-27-768x165.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图2-在LSW1进入VLANIF视图并设置</figcaption></figure>



<p>3.使用PC1对同VLAN下的PC2和不同VLAN下的PC3进行连通性测试，发现可以互相通信，符合实验要求，如图3所示。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="865" height="613" src="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-28.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1951" srcset="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-28.png 865w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-28-300x213.png 300w, https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/image-28-768x544.png 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">图3-VLAN间通信情况测试结果</figcaption></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">附件下载</h2>



<div class="wp-block-file"><a id="wp-block-file--media-17e85ecd-3b5d-4ba9-81a3-28f6beadcced" href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/利用三层交换机实现VLAN间通信-完成.7z">利用三层交换机实现VLAN间通信-完成</a><a href="https://www.leexinghai.com/aic/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/利用三层交换机实现VLAN间通信-完成.7z" class="wp-block-file__button wp-element-button" download aria-describedby="wp-block-file--media-17e85ecd-3b5d-4ba9-81a3-28f6beadcced">下载</a></div>
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